Which of the following statements best describes the major roles of the Transport layer?

Which of the following statements best describes the major roles of the Transport layer?

a. Transmit bits over a medium and provide a mechanical/electrical specifications
b. Provide process-to-process message delivery
c. Enable internetworking by creating and moving packets from the source to the destination.
d. Organize bits into frames and provide on-link (within a network) delivery.

Answer: B

_______ filter frames based on the destination MAC address.

_______ filter frames based on the destination MAC address. 

a. 2-Layer Switches
b. Routers
c. Repeaters
d. Application gateways

Answer: A

_______ is a network (single link) spanning across multiple states and/or countries.

_______ is a network (single link) spanning across multiple states and/or countries. 

a. A WAN
b. A LAN
c. A MAN
d. The Internet

Answer: A

A(n) _______ describes an idea or concept that is a precursor to an internet standard.

A(n) _______ describes an idea or concept that is a precursor to an internet standard. 

a. RFP
b. OSI
c. RFC
d. LTE

Answer: C

_______ is a collection of many separate networks.

_______ is a collection of many separate networks. 

a. A LAN
b. An Internet
c. A Wan
d. A link

Answer: B

Which of the following communication technologies have a full-duplex capability?

Which of the following communication technologies have a full-duplex capability?

a. Telephones
b. FM Radios
c. Computer mice
d. Walkie-talkies

Answer: A

Which of the following is not an element of a communication Protocol?

Which of the following is not an element of a communication Protocol?

a. Syntax
b. Medium
c. Timing
d. Semantics

Answer: B

_______ is the network reference model for the current internet protocols and devices.

_______ is the network reference model for the current internet protocols and devices. 

a. TCP/IP 5-Layer Model
b. OSI 7-layer Model
c. Ethernet 6-layer model
d. Full-mesh topology

Answer: A

The _______ layer is responsible for the source (host)-to-destination (host) delivery of a packet across multiple network links.

The _______ layer is responsible for the source (host)-to-destination (host) delivery of a packet across multiple network links. 

a. Data Link
b. Transport
c. Physical
d. Network

Answer: D

_______ refers to the process where a protocol module receives a message from a lower layer module, read the header and passes the data field content up to its upper layer module according to the header information.

_______ refers to the process where a protocol module receives a message from a lower layer module, read the header and passes the data field content up to its upper layer module according to the header information. 

a. Encapsulation
b. Decapsulation
c. peer-to-peer processing
d. Stateful Packet Inspection

Answer: B

When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header from A's layer 4 protocol is read by B's _______ layer protocol.

When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header from A's layer 4 protocol is read by B's _______ layer protocol. 

a. Network
b. Application
c. Transport
d. Physical

Answer: C

_______ refers to the physical or logical arrangement of a network.

_______ refers to the physical or logical arrangement of a network. 

a. Mode of operation
b. Data flow
c. Topology
d. Throughput

Answer: C

_______ of a protocol refers to the structure or format of the data, meaning the order in which they are presented.

_______ of a protocol refers to the structure or format of the data, meaning the order in which they are presented. 

a. Medium
b. Semantics
c. Syntax
d. Timing

Answer: C

A(n) _______ is a set of rules that governs data communication.

A(n) _______ is a set of rules that governs data communication. 

a. algorithm
b. standard
c. protocol
d. policy

Answer: C

Which organization focuses on developing internet standards?

Which organization focuses on developing internet standards?

a. IEEE
b. ISO
c. IETF
d. ITU-T

Answer: C

Static packet filtering firewalls are _______ devices?

Static packet filtering firewalls are _______ devices?

a. 2 layer
b. 3 layer
c. 4 layer
d. 5 layer

Answer: C

A(n) _______ uniquely identifies and application process running on a host.

A(n) _______ uniquely identifies and application process running on a host. 

a. physical address
b. URL
c. IP Address
d. port number

Answer: D

Ethernet uses a 48-but physical address called _______ that is usually imprinted on the network interface card (NIC).

Ethernet uses a 48-but physical address called _______ that is usually imprinted on the network interface card (NIC). 

a. IP Address
b. port number
c. MAC address
d. Universal resource identifier

Answer: C

To deliver a message to the correct applicator program running on a host, the _______ address must be consulted.

To deliver a message to the correct applicator program running on a host, the _______ address must be consulted. 

a. application layer
b. transport layer
c. datalink layer
d. network layer

Answer: B

Communication between a computer and a keyboard typically involves ________ transmission.

Communication between a computer and a keyboard typically involves ________ transmission.

a. full-duplex
b. simplex
c. half-duplex
d. complex

Answer: B

In a ________ connection, two and only two devices are connected by a dedicated link?

In a ________ connection, two and only two devices are connected by a dedicated link?

a. peer-to-peer
b. multipoint
c. point-to-point
d. primary

Answer: C

The _______ is the physical path over which a message travels.

The _______ is the physical path over which a message travels.

a) Protocol

b) Signal

c) Medium

d) Syntax

Answer: C

Which of the following statements is NOT right about the Network layer?

Which of the following statements is NOT right about the Network layer?

a. The major role of the Network layer is to enable internetworking by creating and moving packets from the source to the destination.
b. The major role of the Network layer is to enable internetworking by creating and moving packets from the source to the destination.
c. The IP adddress is a logical address used in the Network layer.
d. Both IP and ICMP are Network layer protocols.

Answer: B

The session, presentation, and application layers (in terms of the 7-layer model) can be considered as _______ layers.

The session, presentation, and application layers (in terms of the 7-layer model) can be considered as _______ layers.

a. supervisory (foreman)
b. network support
c. software
d. user support
c. software

Answer: D

A _______ address is a logical address used in the _________ layer to uniquely identify a host on the Internet.

A _______ address is a logical address used in the _________ layer to uniquely identify a host on the Internet.

a. specific; Application
b. MAC; Datalink
c. port; Transport
d. IP; Network

Answer: D

As user data moves from the top layer to the lower layers in a sender's computer, each layer ____________ a header.

As user data moves from the top layer to the lower layers in a sender's computer, each layer ____________ a header.

a. rearranges
b. adds
c. removes
d. modifies

Answer: B

A(n) __________ uniquely identifies an application process running on a host.

A(n) __________ uniquely identifies an application process running on a host.

a. IP address
b. URL
c. physical address
d. port number

Answer: D

_____ of a protocol governs the communication speed and sequence of the dialogue between the communication partners.

_____ of a protocol governs the communication speed and sequence of the dialogue between the communication partners.

a. Propagation
b. Semantics
c. Syntax
d. Timing

Answer: D

Which of the following is not an element of a communication Protocol?

Which of the following is not an element of a communication Protocol?

a. Throughput
b. Semantics
c. Timing
d. Syntax

Answer: A

_____ of a protocol governs the interpretation and handling of data inside each field of a message.

_____ of a protocol governs the interpretation and handling of data inside each field of a message.

a. Semantics
b. Timing
c. medium
d. Syntax

Answer: A

Which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The IEEE 802.3 series Ethernet standards and IEEE 802.11 series Wi-Fi standards are protocols standardized by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
b. The two terms protocol and standard can be used interchangeably.
c. The terms Network Access Point, Internet Exchange Point and peering point refer to a facility where two or more large Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks are interconnected.
d. All wide area networks (WANs) are built on circuit switching technologies.

Answer: C

Which of the following topologies is most robust and most expensive to implement?

Which of the following topologies is most robust and most expensive to implement?

a. Correct Response
Full mesh
b. Start
c. Bus
d. Double-ring

Answer: A

The ___ is a network reference model standardized by ISO for the development of universally compatible networking protocols.

The ___ is a network reference model standardized by ISO for the development of universally compatible networking protocols.

a. TCP/IP 5-layer model
b. TCP/IP 4-layer model
c. ISO 5-layer model
d. OSI 7-Layer Model

Answer: D

Static packet filtering firewalls are ______________devices.

Static packet filtering firewalls are ______________devices.

a. 2-layer
b. 3-layer
c. 4-Layer
d. 5-layer

Answer: C

Ethernet uses a 48-bit physical address called ____ that is usually imprinted on the network interface card (NIC).

Ethernet uses a 48-bit physical address called ____ that is usually imprinted on the network interface card (NIC).

a. MAC Address
b. universal resource adapter
c. IP Address
d. port number

Answer: A

_________refers to the process where a protocol module receives a message from a lower layer module, read the header and passes the data field content up to its upper layer module according to the header information.

_________refers to the process where a protocol module receives a message from a lower layer module, read the header and passes the data field content up to its upper layer module according to the header information.

a. Encapsulation
b. Decapsulation
c. Peer-to-peer processing
d. Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI)

Answer: B

Which of the following statements is NOT right about the Network layer?

Which of the following statements is NOT right about the Network layer?

a. The major role of the Network layer is to enable internetworking by creating and moving packets from the source to the destination.
b.Bridges and 2-layer switches are representative network layer devices.
c.The IP address is a logical address used in the Network layer.
d.Both IP and ICMP are Network layer protocols.

Answer: B

_______ of a protocol refers to the structure or format of the data, meaning the order in which they are presented.

_______ of a protocol refers to the structure or format of the data, meaning the order in which they are presented.

a. Syntax
b. Semantics
c. Medium
d. Timing

Answer: A

_______ of a protocol governs the communication speed and sequence of the dialogue between the communication partners.

_______ of a protocol governs the communication speed and sequence of the dialogue between the communication partners.

a. Timing
b. Propagation
c. Syntax
d. Semantics

Answer: A

Which of the following is not an element of a communication Protocol?

Which of the following is not an element of a communication Protocol?

a. medium
b. Syntax
c. Timing
d. Semantics

Answer: A

A(n) ________ describes an idea or concept that is a precursor to an Internet standard.

A(n) ________ describes an idea or concept that is a precursor to an Internet standard.

a. OSI
b. RFP
c. RFC
d. LTE

Answer: C

_____ is a network (single link) spanning across multiple states and/or countries.

_____ is a network (single link) spanning across multiple states and/or countries.

a. A WAN
b. A LAN
c. A MAN
d. The Internet

Answer: A

_______ filter frames based on the destination MAC address.

________ filter frames based on the destination MAC address.

a. 2-Layer Switches
b. Routers
c. Repeaters
d. Application Gateways

Answer: A

As user data moves from the top layer to the lower layers in a sender's computer, each layer ______ a header.

As user data moves from the top layer to the lower layers in a sender's computer, each layer ______ a header.

a. modifies
b. adds
c. rearranges
d. removes

Answer: B

A _______ address is a logical address used in the _________ layer to uniquely identify a host on the Internet.

A _______ address is a logical address used in the _________ layer to uniquely identify a host on the Internet.

a. MAC; Data link
b. port; Transport
c. IP; Network
d. specific; Application

Answer: C

The _________ layer is responsible for the source (host)-to-destination (host) delivery of a packet across multiple network links.

The _________ layer is responsible for the source (host)-to-destination (host) delivery of a packet across multiple network links.

a. data link
b. transport
c. network
d. physical

Answer: C

Which of the following statements best describes the major roles of the Transport Layer?

Which of the following statements best describes the major roles of the Transport Layer? 

a. Organize bits into frames and provide on-link (within a network) delivery.
b. Enable internetworking by creating and moving packets from the source to the destination.
c.Transmit bits over a medium and provide mechanical/electrical specifications.
d. Provide process-to-process message delivery.

Answer: D

Which topology requires a central controller or hub?

Which topology requires a central controller or hub?

a. Ring
b. Star
c. Mesh
d. Bus

Answer: B

______ refers to the physical or logical arrangement of a network.

______ refers to the physical or logical arrangement of a network.

a. Mode of operation
b. Topology
c. Data Flow
d. Throughput

Answer: B

Which of the following communication technologies have full duplex capability?

Which of the following communication technologies have full duplex capability?

a. FM Radios
b. Walkie Talkies
c. Telephones
d. Computer Mice

Answer: C

In a ______ connection, two and only two devices are connected by a dedicated link.

In a ______ connection, two and only two devices are connected by a dedicated link.

a. primary
b. multipoint
c. peer-to-peer
d. point-to-point

Answer: D

Which organization focuses on developing Internet standards?

Which organization focuses on developing Internet standards?

a) IEEE
b) IETF
c) ITU-T
d) ISO

Answer: B

To prepare a data character for transmission, a ____ bit is added to the beginning of the character and informs the receiver that an incoming data frame is arriving.

To prepare a data character for transmission, a ____ bit is added to the beginning of the character and informs the receiver that an incoming data frame is arriving.

a. parity
b. start
c. end
d. stop





Answer: B

The idea behind ____ is that the peripheral can simply be plugged in and turned on, and that the computer should dynamically recognize the device and establish the interface.

The idea behind ____ is that the peripheral can simply be plugged in and turned on, and that the computer should dynamically recognize the device and establish the interface. 

a. hot plugging
b. RS-232
c. EIA-232F
d. daisy-chaining





Answer: A

Fibre Channel can support the interconnection of up to ____ devices only.

Fibre Channel can support the interconnection of up to ____ devices only.

a. 56
b. 126
c. 256
d. 512






Answer: B

The ____ component of an interface deals with items such as the connector or plug description.

The ____ component of an interface deals with items such as the connector or plug description. 

a. functional
b. administrative
c. procedural
d. mechanical





Answer: D

Some systems, for various reasons, allow only one side or the other to transmit at one time. This type of connection is an example of a ____ connection.

Some systems, for various reasons, allow only one side or the other to transmit at one time. This type of connection is an example of a ____ connection.

a. half-duplex
b. multi-duplex
c. full-duplex
d. single-duplex






Answer: A

An interface standard can consist of four parts, or components: the electrical component, the mechanical component, the ____ component, and the procedural component.

An interface standard can consist of four parts, or components: the electrical component, the mechanical component, the ____ component, and the procedural component.

a. administrative
b. functional
c. organizational
d. automatic





Answer: B

____ is a technique for interfacing a computer to high-speed devices such as hard disk drives, tape drives, CDs, and DVDs.

____ is a technique for interfacing a computer to high-speed devices such as hard disk drives, tape drives, CDs, and DVDs. 

a. EIA-232F
b. Serial
c. SCSI
d. RS-232






Answer: C

A direct connection between a terminal and a mainframe computer is a ____ connection.

A direct connection between a terminal and a mainframe computer is a ____ connection.

a. point-to-point
b. single-point
c. multipoint
d. direct-point






Answer: A

With ____ connections, polling is not necessary because there is only one terminal per line.

With ____ connections, polling is not necessary because there is only one terminal per line.

a. multipoint
b. terminal-to-point
c. point-to-point
d. primary-to-point






Answer: C

During the early years of computing, a terminal was called the ____.

During the early years of computing, a terminal was called the ____.

a. secondary
b. dumb end
c. primary
d. terminal





Answer: A

FireWire supports two types of data connections: an asynchronous connection and a(n) ____ connection.

FireWire supports two types of data connections: an asynchronous connection and a(n) ____ connection.

a. parallel
b. isochronous
c. synchronous
d. timed






Answer: B

SCSI is a ____ interface and not just an interface technique for hard disk drives.

SCSI is a ____ interface and not just an interface technique for hard disk drives. 

a. driver
b. server
c. terminal
d. systems





Answer: D

At the end of the data character, one or two ____ bits are added to signal the end of the frame.

At the end of the data character, one or two ____ bits are added to signal the end of the frame.

a. parity
b. start
c. stop
d. check





Answer: C

A ____ port is a connection in which eight data lines transmit an entire byte of data at one moment in time.

A ____ port is a connection in which eight data lines transmit an entire byte of data at one moment in time.

a. parallel
b. serial
c. USB
d. DIN





Answer: A

In modem interfacing terminology, the modem is referred to as the ____.

In modem interfacing terminology, the modem is referred to as the ____. 

a. data communicating equipment (DCE)
b. data terminating equipment (DTE)
c. data transmitting equipment (DTE)
d. data receiving equipment (DRE)






Answer: A

____ is a serial connection or bus that can carry multiple channels of data at the same time.

____ is a serial connection or bus that can carry multiple channels of data at the same time. 

a. Fibre Channel
b. InfiniBand
c. USB
d. SCSI






Answer: B

The connection to a peripheral is often called the ____.

The connection to a peripheral is often called the ____. 

a. USB
b. FireWire
c. interface
d. EIA-232F





Answer: C

With a(n) ____ connection, the unit of transmission is a sequence of characters.

With a(n) ____ connection, the unit of transmission is a sequence of characters. 

a. serial
b. synchronous
c. parity
d. asynchronous






Answer: B

InfiniBand can support data transfer speeds of ____ per second.

InfiniBand can support data transfer speeds of ____ per second. 

a. 1.5 billion bits (1.5 gigabits)
b. 2.5 billion bits (2.5 gigabits)
c. 5 billion bits (5 gigabits)
d. 10 billion bits (10 gigabits)






Answer: D

A ____ connection is one in which both sender and receiver may transmit at the same time.

A ____ connection is one in which both sender and receiver may transmit at the same time.

a. half-duplex
b. multi-duplex
c. full-duplex
d. single-duplex

Answer: C

____ is a form in which a shield is wrapped around each wire individually, around all the wires together, or both.

____ is a form in which a shield is wrapped around each wire individually, around all the wires together, or both.

a. CAT 5 twisted pair
b. CAT 2 twisted pair
c. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
d. Shielded twisted pair (STP)






Answer: D

The transmission time from when a signal first leaves a satellite and then arrives at a ground station is called ____.

The transmission time from when a signal first leaves a satellite and then arrives at a ground station is called ____.

a. downlink
b. uplink
c. propagation delay
d. upload






Answer: C

____ cable ranges in size from approximately 6 to 10 mm or more (1/4 to 3/8 inch) in diameter.

____ cable ranges in size from approximately 6 to 10 mm or more (1/4 to 3/8 inch) in diameter. 

a. CAT 2
b. Thick coaxial
c. Thin coaxial
d. CAT 3





Answer: B

The ____ system is an example of a single-user Earth station satellite system with its own ground station and a small antenna (two to six feet across).

The ____ system is an example of a single-user Earth station satellite system with its own ground station and a small antenna (two to six feet across).

a. T1
b. LEO
c. VSAT
d. SAT-V






Answer: C

____ transmission means that to receive and transmit a signal, each antenna must be in sight of the next antenna.

____ transmission means that to receive and transmit a signal, each antenna must be in sight of the next antenna. 

a. Omnidirectional
b. Uplink
c. Downlink
d. Line-of-sight

Answer: D

____ cable is virtually impossible to wiretap.

____ cable is virtually impossible to wiretap.

a. Fiber-optic
b. CAT 1
c. Thick coaxial
d. Single-stranded coaxial





Answer: A

____ transmission systems are similar to terrestrial microwave systems except that the signal travels from a ground station on Earth to a satellite and back to another ground station on Earth.

____ transmission systems are similar to terrestrial microwave systems except that the signal travels from a ground station on Earth to a satellite and back to another ground station on Earth. 

a. Terrestrial microwave
b. Cellular
c. Downlink
d. Satellite microwave






Answer: D

____ systems transmit data over a wide range of frequencies rather than limiting transmissions to a narrow, fixed band of frequencies.

____ systems transmit data over a wide range of frequencies rather than limiting transmissions to a narrow, fixed band of frequencies. 

a. Ultra-wideband
b. Bluetooth
c. WiFi
d. Free space optics





Answer: A

The first PCS technology used a form of time division multiplexing called ____.

The first PCS technology used a form of time division multiplexing called ____.

a. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
b. Global System for Mobile (GSM) Communications
c. Digital-Advanced Mobile Phone Service (D-AMPS)
d. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)





Answer: A

When a light signal inside the cable bounces off the cable wall and back into the cable, this is called ____.

When a light signal inside the cable bounces off the cable wall and back into the cable, this is called ____. 

a. reflection
b. blinking
c. refraction
d. friction






Answer: A

Because of its good shielding properties, ____ is good at carrying analog signals with a wide range of frequencies.

Because of its good shielding properties, ____ is good at carrying analog signals with a wide range of frequencies.

a. CAT 1 wire
b. coaxial cable
c. CAT 2 wire
d. copper wire






Answer: B

A satellite system that has unique properties is the ____ satellite, which is used by governments for spying and by scientific agencies for observing celestial bodies.

A satellite system that has unique properties is the ____ satellite, which is used by governments for spying and by scientific agencies for observing celestial bodies. 

a. Middle-Earth-orbit (MEO)
b. Geosynchronous-Earth-orbit (GEO)
c. Highly-elliptical-Earth-orbit (HEO)
d. Low-Earth-orbit (LEO)






Answer: C

____ twisted pair is designed to support data transmission with signals as high as 200 MHz for 100 meters.

____ twisted pair is designed to support data transmission with signals as high as 200 MHz for 100 meters. 

a. Category 6
b. Category 7
c. Category 7a
d. Category 7e





Answer: A

____ transmission uses a slightly thicker fiber cable and an unfocused light source, such as an LED.

____ transmission uses a slightly thicker fiber cable and an unfocused light source, such as an LED. 

a. Multimode
b. Single-mode
c. Reflection
d. Refraction







Answer: A

____ transmission requires the use of a very thin fiber-optic cable and a very focused light source, such as a laser.

____ transmission requires the use of a very thin fiber-optic cable and a very focused light source, such as a laser. 

a. Refraction
b. Multimode
c. Single-mode
d. Reflection





Answer: C

____ twisted pair was designed to transmit 20 Mbps of data for distances up to 100 meters.

____ twisted pair was designed to transmit 20 Mbps of data for distances up to 100 meters. 

a. Category 1
b. Category 3
c. Category 4
d. Category 5





Answer: C

In a(n) ____ none of the wires is wrapped with a metal foil or braid.

In a(n) ____ none of the wires is wrapped with a metal foil or braid. 

a. shielded twisted pair (STP)
b. unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
c. CAT 4 twisted pair
d. CAT 7 twisted pair





Answer: B

____ transmission systems transmit tightly focused beams of radio signals from one ground-based microwave transmission antenna to another.

____ transmission systems transmit tightly focused beams of radio signals from one ground-based microwave transmission antenna to another. 

a. Downlink
b. Terrestrial microwave
c. Satellite
d. Cellular

Answer: B

____ twisted pair is the least quality twisted pair wire that should be used in a data/voice application.

____ twisted pair is the least quality twisted pair wire that should be used in a data/voice application. 

a. Category 1
b. Category 3
c. Category 5
d. Category 7

Answer: C

Category 5e twisted pair can run farther than 100 meters from its source to its final destination, as long as the signal is regenerated at least every ____ meters.

Category 5e twisted pair can run farther than 100 meters from its source to its final destination, as long as the signal is regenerated at least every ____ meters.

a. 20
b. 50
c. 75
d. 100





Answer: D

The bandwidth of a telephone system that transmits a single voice in the range of 300 Hz to 3400 Hz is ____ Hz.

The bandwidth of a telephone system that transmits a single voice in the range of 300 Hz to 3400 Hz is ____ Hz.

a. 10
b. 100
c. 3100
d. 3700






Answer: C

A device that modulates digital data onto an analog signal and then demodulates the analog signal back to digital data is a ____.

A device that modulates digital data onto an analog signal and then demodulates the analog signal back to digital data is a ____. 

a. hub
b. modem
c. switch
d. repeater






Answer: B

____ are discrete waveforms, rather than continuous waveforms.

____ are discrete waveforms, rather than continuous waveforms. 

a. Analog data
b. Analog signals
c. Digital signals
d. Analog bauds






Answer: C

When converting analog data to digital signals, the frequency at which the snapshots are taken is called the ____ rate.

When converting analog data to digital signals, the frequency at which the snapshots are taken is called the ____ rate.

a. bps
b. byte
c. sampling
d. baud







Answer: C

____ shift keying represents 0s and 1s by different changes in the phase of a waveform.

____ shift keying represents 0s and 1s by different changes in the phase of a waveform.

a. Phase
b. Frequency
c. Amplitude
d. Noise





Answer: A

Tracking an analog waveform and converting it to pulses that represent the wave's height above (or below) a threshold is termed ____.

Tracking an analog waveform and converting it to pulses that represent the wave's height above (or below) a threshold is termed ____.

a. quantization
b. codec
c. pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)
d. quantization levels






Answer: C

The ____ digital encoding scheme is similar to the Manchester scheme in that there is always a transition in the middle of the interval.

The ____ digital encoding scheme is similar to the Manchester scheme in that there is always a transition in the middle of the interval. 

a. NRZI
b. differential Manchester
c. Bipolar-AMI
d. NRZ-L







Answer: B

____ is the process of sending data over a signal by varying either its amplitude, frequency, or phase.

____ is the process of sending data over a signal by varying either its amplitude, frequency, or phase. 

a. Digital encoding
b. Amplification
c. Modulation
d. Attenuation





Answer: C

The primary advantage of a bipolar scheme is that when all the voltages are added together after a long transmission, there should be a total voltage of ____.

The primary advantage of a bipolar scheme is that when all the voltages are added together after a long transmission, there should be a total voltage of ____. 

a. -2
b. -1
c. 0
d. 1







Answer: C

With ____, a codec tracks the incoming analog data by assessing up or down "steps."

With ____, a codec tracks the incoming analog data by assessing up or down "steps."

a. delta modulation
b. NRZI
c. Bipolar-AMI
d. differential Manchester






Answer: A

The simplest modulation technique is ____ shift keying.

The simplest modulation technique is ____ shift keying.

a. amplitude
b. frequency
c. phase
d. noise





Answer: A

The lowest note possible on the piano is ____ Hz, and the highest note possible is 4200 Hz.

The lowest note possible on the piano is ____ Hz, and the highest note possible is 4200 Hz.

a. 30
b. 80
c. 300
d. 450





Answer: A

The data rate is measured in ____.

The data rate is measured in ____. 

a. bytes per second (Bps)
b. hertz per second (hps)
c. bauds per second (bps)
d. bits per second (bps)





Answer: D

If you want to transfer data from one point to another, either via a physical wire or through radio waves, the data has to be converted into a(n) ____.

If you want to transfer data from one point to another, either via a physical wire or through radio waves, the data has to be converted into a(n) ____. 

a. Unicode
b. hertz
c. signal
d. byte





Answer: C

One encoding technique that converts analog data to a digital signal is ____.

One encoding technique that converts analog data to a digital signal is ____. 

a. NRZ-L
b. NRZ-I
c. Manchester
d. pulse code modulation (PCM)






Answer: D

The ____ encoding scheme has a voltage change at the beginning of a 1 and no voltage change at the beginning of a 0.

The ____ encoding scheme has a voltage change at the beginning of a 1 and no voltage change at the beginning of a 0.

a. nonreturn to zero inverted (NRZI)
b. nonreturn to zero-level (NRZ-L)
c. Manchester
d. Differential Manchester





Answer: A

The Manchester encoding schemes are called ____, because the occurrence of a regular transition is similar to seconds ticking on a clock.

The Manchester encoding schemes are called ____, because the occurrence of a regular transition is similar to seconds ticking on a clock.

a. analog-clocking
b. self-clocking
c. discrete-clocking
d. continuous-clocking






Answer: B

The three basic components of analog and digital signals are: amplitude, frequency, and ____.

The three basic components of analog and digital signals are: amplitude, frequency, and ____. 

a. hertz
b. baud
c. cycles
d. phase






Answer: D

The number of times a signal changes value per second is called the ____ rate.

The number of times a signal changes value per second is called the ____ rate. 

a. hertz
b. baud
c. watts
d. volts






Answer: B

____ are entities that convey meaning within a computer or computer system.

____ are entities that convey meaning within a computer or computer system.

a. EMI
b. Data
c. Signals
d. Impulse





Answer: B

The TCP/IP ____ layer commonly uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to maintain an error-free end-to-end connection.

The TCP/IP ____ layer commonly uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to maintain an error-free end-to-end connection.

a. application
b. network access
c. network
d. transport






Answer: D

The devices that usually connect two or more LANs are the switch, hub, and ____.

The devices that usually connect two or more LANs are the switch, hub, and ____.

a. router
b. workstation
c. server
d. access point





Answer: A

The ____ layer is the OSI layer that handles routing.

The ____ layer is the OSI layer that handles routing. 

a. network
b. session
c. transport
d. application





Answer: A

____ is the transmission of multiple signals on one medium.

____ is the transmission of multiple signals on one medium. 

a. Multiplexing
b. Package
c. Codec
d. Modem






Answer: A

The ____ layer of the OSI model performs end-to-end connection control.

The ____ layer of the OSI model performs end-to-end connection control.

a. data link
b. transport
c. session
d. physical






Answer: B

A ____ is a high-speed network that interconnects multiple sites within a close geographic region, such as a large urban area.

A ____ is a high-speed network that interconnects multiple sites within a close geographic region, such as a large urban area. 

a. personal area network (PAN)
b. local area network (LAN)
c. metropolitan area network (MAN)
d. wide area network (WAN)





Answer: C

____ are the computers that store network software and shared or private user files.

____ are the computers that store network software and shared or private user files. 

a. Routers
b. Switches
c. Hubs
d. Servers




Answer: D

The TCP/IP ____ layer, sometimes called the Internet layer, is roughly equivalent to OSI's network layer.

The TCP/IP ____ layer, sometimes called the Internet layer, is roughly equivalent to OSI's network layer. 

a. application
b. network access
c. transport
d. network







Answer: D

____ is used to allow the numerous elements within a computer network to be managed from a single point.

____ is used to allow the numerous elements within a computer network to be managed from a single point. 

a. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
b. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
c. Telnet
d. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)





Answer: B

The merging together of two or more businesses or technologies is termed

The merging together of two or more businesses or technologies is termed 

a. commercialization
b. manipulation
c. convergence
d. inversion







Answer: C

The ____ layer of the OSI model performs a series of miscellaneous functions necessary for presenting the data package properly to the sender or receiver.

The ____ layer of the OSI model performs a series of miscellaneous functions necessary for presenting the data package properly to the sender or receiver. 

a. session
b. transport
c. presentation
d. applications





Answer: C

A ____ is an interconnection of computers and computing equipment using either wires or radio waves over small or large geographic areas.

A ____ is an interconnection of computers and computing equipment using either wires or radio waves over small or large geographic areas. 

a. local area network (LAN)
b. wireless network
c. computer network
d. personal area network (PAN)






Answer: C

The ____ layer of the OSI model performs end-to-end error control and end-to-end flow control.

The ____ layer of the OSI model performs end-to-end error control and end-to-end flow control.

a. session
b. application
c. presentation
d. transport




Answer: D

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) created the ____ reference model in an attempt to standardize the design of communication systems and the interoperability between their components.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) created the ____ reference model in an attempt to standardize the design of communication systems and the interoperability between their components. 

a. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
b. TCP/IP
c. FTP
d. ASCII





Answer: A

The bottom layer in the OSI model—the ____ layer—handles the transmission of bits over a communications channel.

The bottom layer in the OSI model—the ____ layer—handles the transmission of bits over a communications channel.

a. physical
b. network
c. data link
d. application





Answer: A

Connecting two wide area networks requires devices such as high-speed ____.

Connecting two wide area networks requires devices such as high-speed ____. 

a. bridges
b. hubs
c. reflectors
d. routers





Answer: D

The TCP/IP ____ layer supports network applications and may include presentation services.

The TCP/IP ____ layer supports network applications and may include presentation services. 

a. network access
b. network
c. application
d. transport





Answer: C

A(n) ____ connection is a non physical connection between sender and receiver that allows an exchange of commands and responses.

A(n) ____ connection is a non physical connection between sender and receiver that allows an exchange of commands and responses.

a. encapsulated
b. physical
c. real
d. logical




Answer: D

The Internet "talks" only ____, so users must use software that supports this protocol.

The Internet "talks" only ____, so users must use software that supports this protocol.

a. FTP
b. IPX/SPX
c. TCP/IP
d. DSL





Answer: C

____ is the design, installation, and support of a network and its hardware and software.

____ is the design, installation, and support of a network and its hardware and software. 

a. Data network
b. Voice network
c. Convergence
d. Network management





Answer: D